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CASALPS : entraînement hivernal des troupes de montagne et aéronefs à Valloireby Stéphane GAUDIN |
Lire la suite[/ltr]
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| Yanis Varoufakis: “Se não tivesse medo, eu seria muito perigoso” Posted: 16 Feb 2015 05:05 AM PST // // // ]]> “Estamos constantemente a ouvir, ‘se não assinar na linha pontilhada vai ser o fim do mundo’. A minha resposta é ‘deixe que isso aconteça!’. Não existe um plano de recuo. Esse é o meu plano B”. Mais claro não podia ser Yanis Varoufakis, o ministro das Finanças grego, que lembra ainda, nesta [...] [Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem] [Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem] |
| Quem é o novo dono da PT Posted: 16 Feb 2015 04:29 AM PST // // // ]]> Retrato de Patrick Drahi, fundador e patrão de Altice, o novo dono da PT. Drahi nasceu em Marrocos, estudou em França, tem nacionalidade israelita e casa em Tel-Aviv mas residência fiscal na Suíça e sedeia empresas no Luxemburgo… Um trabalho do Knowckers. L’offensive de Patrick Drahi dans la compétition informationelle Knowckers [...] [Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem] [Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem] |
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| CIA controls mass media like the NY Times, Time Magazine and much more Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST In 1953, Joseph Alsop, then one of America’s leading syndicated columnists, went to the Philippines to cover an election. He did not go because he was asked to do so by his syndicate. He did not go because he was asked to do so by the newspapers that printed his column. He went at the request of the CIA. Alsop is one of more than 400 American journalists who in the past twenty‑five years have secretly carried out assignments for the Central Intelligence Agency, according to documents on file at CIA headquarters. Some of these journalists’ relationships with the Agency were tacit; some were explicit. |
| Study: Junk Food more Deadly than War, Famine, Genocide Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Food in the end, in our tradition, is something holy. It’s not about nutrients and calories. It’s about sharing. It’s about honesty. It’s about identity. ~ Louise Fresco You may already know that junk food is bad for your health, but you may not realize how bad it can be. A new study from the School of Medical Sciences at Australia’s University of New South Wales points to profound brain changes that junk food causes, making a junk food habit “more deadly than war, famine, and genocide”. |
| Just like Brian Williams, Hillary Clinton lied about taking fire in a war zone Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST CBS news exposes the real story of Hillary Clintons 1996 trip to Bosnia. |
| Ukraine now a 'crisis for Russia and West', says ex-MI6 boss Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST The conflict in Ukraine is now part of a much bigger crisis between Russia and the West, MI6's former head has said. Sir John Sawers warned the crisis was no longer about just Ukraine, saying it was "much bigger and more dangerous". Any attempt by Western countries to arm Ukraine could lead to an escalation on the ground and even cyber attacks by Russia against the West, he warned. |
| NSA Braces for News Leak of Its Cyber Surveillance Work Technicians at a cybersecurity firm in Mexico blow the whistle Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST The National Security Agency is bracing for another major leak, according to U.S. intelligence officials, who say they’re expecting disclosures about the agency’s technical cyber intelligence gathering capabilities to be published in an undisclosed news outlet. |
| NSA has ability to embed spying software in computer hard drives, including yours Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST The NSA has figured out “how to hide spying software deep within hard drives made by Western Digital, Seagate, Toshiba and other top manufacturers,” reports Joe Menn at Reuters, which gives the agency “the means to eavesdrop on the majority of the world's computers.” |
| Here Come the Drones: FAA Announces Civilian Rules Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST The Federal Aviation Administration announced proposed guidelines to govern the way non-military drone aircraft operate in U.S. airspace. Many drone watchers were anticipating strict rules dictating that drone operators obtain a pilot license to fly drones commercially, which would severely limit drones’ commercial use. Instead, the FAA has apparently gone with a more liberal proposal. |
| Did British Spies Use NSA Data to Spy on You? Find out. Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST For the first time since Edward Snowden revealed the indiscriminate spying of the Five Eyes national intelligence alliance, everyone in the world has a chance to ask, what about me? Did they spy on my life? On February 6th the UK-based privacy group Privacy International, along with human rights groups Liberty and Amnesty International, and Pakistan-based digital rights group Bytes for All won an important ruling against the British spy agency Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). |
| Podcast: Blacklisted Radio – 2.15.2015 Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST The Totalitarian Creep is the focus of this weeks edition of Blacklisted Radio. Doug discusses how we are loosing control and ownership of their TV's, Vehicles, Personal Electronics, Cellphones, and Communication to corporate and governmental control. Highlights include the internet kill switch via Standard Operating Procedure 303 which codifies “a shutdown process for use by commercial and private wireless networks during national crises.” Also covered is Obama's latest Executive Order 13636, considered to be the equivalent to a "Patriot Act 2" and it's formation of Information Sharing and Analysis Organizations which can legally share your private information with government agencies and other private corporations if you are deemed to be a national security threat. |
| Thai junta lays groundwork for its own version of democracy Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST As the Thai military government pushes ahead with its so-called reform plans, the legal groundwork in form of some sort of reform continuation body is being laid out so that the generals will have enough power to influence Thai politics for the foreseeable future. |
| EGYPT ENTERS WAR ON ISIS AFTER QUESTIONABLE BEHEADING VIDEO SURFACES Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Once again the SITE Group, the intelligence front operating as a terrorism research company, has produced a Hollywoodesque ISIS video. |
| UK envoy: if Libya fails it could be Somalia on the Mediterranean Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST International efforts to resolve the crisis in Libya after the fall of Muammar Gaddafi must forge agreement between the warring parties to forestall the emergence of a failed state that could become a “Somalia-on-the-Mediterranean,” the UK government’s special envoy has urged. |
| Evacuation ordered as train with crude oil derails in W. Virginia Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Two West Virginia towns are being evacuated after a train carrying crude oil derailed nearby, local media report. Emergency officials said that people from towns of Adena Village and Boomer Bottom are being evacuated. At least one tank car ended up in a local river, while another slammed into a house and burst into flames. |
| 'Sweden agreed to Russia military demands' Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Sweden has agreed to Russian demands not to land fighter jets in Estonia during a coming military exercise in the Baltic region, according to a Swedish newspaper. |
| Italy wants NATO alliance to intervene in Libya Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Italy is ready to lead a multilateral effort to tackle the growing threat from jihadists in Libya and prevent “a caliphate” forming across the sea from Europe’s shores, the Italian defence minister has said. |
| Bailout Talks Collapse in 4 Hours; Greece Says Extension is "Absurd"; 79% Support Syriza's Negotiation Stance Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Talks between Greece and eurozone officials were expected to last through the night. Instead Greece Bailout Talks Collapsed in Acrimony after four hours. Read more at http://globaleconomicanalysis.blogspot.com/2015/02/greek-bailout-talks-collapse-in-four.html#luV6hVUAcGPHgYV7.99 |
| After Conducting Navy Drills In East Mediterranean, Russia Puts Airborne Troops In Volgograd On Alert Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST … perhaps a better question is what is Russia doing in the East Mediterranean (as in close by to both Greece and Cyprus) where as Interfax reported earlier, the Russian navy conducted tests. Bloomberg adds that the “Russian Navy vessels fire artillery rounds at sea, air training targets as part of tests in eastern part of Mediterranean, Interfax reports, citing statement by Defense Ministry.” |
| Can world powers really control the weather? Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST A leading climate scientist says the CIA approached him to ask for information on how to disrupt the weather. |
| Bangladesh on the brink of political disaster Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST Bangladesh, a South Asian country of 150 million people, is on the brink of disaster now after facing a prolonged political turmoil for over a year. The recent bouts of political violence began on January 3 when police, on the order of the Prime Minister, Sheikh Hasina, acted very highhandedly and banned all the protests in the national capital city of Dhaka. The police also confined the leader of the country's main opposition, Bangladesh Nationalist Party, BNP, Khaleda Zia, to her office. |
| Judge sets €800m civil bond for former executives at Bankia Posted: 15 Feb 2015 10:00 PM PST A Spanish judge has set a bond of €800 million to cover potential civil liabilities for the former heads of savings bank Bankia, as part of an investigation into alleged wrongdoing during the creation and stock market debut of the lender. The bond has been imposed on Bankia and its parent company BFA, as well as on past bank executives such as ex-chairman Rodrigo Rato, who is also a former managing director of the International Monetary Fund. |
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COMO MUDAR UM PNEU A UM F-16 (M1797 - 33PM/2015)
[Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem]
A instalação do macaco para levantar a roda esquerda do trem principal Foto: USAF Na verdade é mais ou menos como mudar a um automóvel. Salvaguardem-se as devidas escalas e pormenores, claro. Não deixa contudo de ser curioso ver uma máquina capaz de atingir duas vezes a velocidade do som, limitado às mesmas tarefas dos "comuns mortais". Retirando o pneu danificado com o peso da aeronave em cima do macaco Foto: USAF Finalmente um pneu novo e a missão pode prosseguir Foto: USAF ...
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Population Decline and the Great Economic Reversal
By George Friedman
In recent weeks, we have been focusing on Greece, Germany, Ukraine and Russia. All are still burning issues. But in every case, readers have called my attention to what they see as an underlying and even defining dimension of all these issues — if not right now, then soon. That dimension is declining population and the impact it will have on all of these countries. The argument was made that declining populations will generate crises in these and other countries, undermining their economies and national power. Sometimes we need to pause and move away from immediate crises to broader issues. Let me start with some thoughts from my book The Next 100 Years.
Reasons for the Population Decline
There is no question but that the populations of most European countries will decline in the next generation, and in the cases of Germany and Russia, the decline will be dramatic. In fact, the entire global population explosion is ending. In virtually all societies, from the poorest to the wealthiest, the birthrate among women has been declining. In order to maintain population stability, the birthrate must remain at 2.1 births per woman. Above that, the population rises; below that, it falls. In the advanced industrial world, the birthrate is already substantially below 2.1. In middle-tier countries such as Mexico or Turkey, the birthrate is falling but will not reach 2.1 until between 2040 and 2050. In the poorest countries, such as Bangladesh or Bolivia, the birthrate is also falling, but it will take most of this century to reach 2.1.
The process is essentially irreversible. It is primarily a matter of urbanization.
Read more »
MQ-1C Predator footage of repatriation of Italian nationals from Libyaby David Cenciotti |
On Feb. 15, Italy announced the closure of the Libya embassy and the orderly repatriation of nationals from the North African country as a consequence of the IS advance.
The 100 Italian citizens were ferried to the port of Augusta, in Sicily, by the Maltese ferryboat "San Gwann", which was escorted by the Italian Navy "Carlo Bergamini"FREMM (European multipurpose frigate) and by a Predator A+ of the Italian Air Force.
Belonging to the 28th Gruppo (Squadron) of the 32° Stormo (Wing) based at Amendola, in southeastern Italy, the MQ-1C Predator A+ acted as "On Scene Eye" and filmed the entire operation, monitoring any suspect activity in the vicinity of the ships and near the convoy which brought the Italians to the Tripoli harbor.
Here's the footage recorded by the Predator.
[Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem]
The Italian Air Force operates a mixed force of 6 MQ-9 Reaper and 6 MQ-1C Predator A+ both assigned to the 28° Gruppo (Squadron) of the 32° Stormo (Wing) at Amendola airbase.
The Italian drones have flown ISR (Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance missions) as well as MEDEVAC (Medical Evacuation), support to TIC (Troops In Contact), IED (Improvised Explosive Devices) monitoring and Convoy Escort in Iraq and Afghanistan; they have supported Operation Unified Protector in Libya, Mare Nostrum operation in the Mediterranean Sea near Lampedusa (where they have monitored the migratory flows and consequent tragic ship wreckage off the island) and they are also currently deployed in Kuwait (to support the US-led anti-ISIS operation in Syria and Iraq) and Djibouti, where they are used to monitor the seas off the coast of Somalia in anti-piracy missions.
Leveraging their persistence on the target area (up to 20 hours), the drones will now enable Police forces to monitor major events and support anti-crime and riot-control operations.
Top image and video credit: Italian Air Force[/ltr]
Scotland, Counter-Insurgency, and Sea Controlby Scott C-P |
[Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem]When curtains close on Shakespeare’s 1606 The Tragedy of Macbeth, audiences are left to ponder the fate of Scotland. Contemporaries of the playwright were well aware of the Union of the Crowns a mere three years prior in 1603, uniting the rule of England and Ireland under James the VI, King of the Scots. But few could claim to know the events that followed Macbeth’s toppling by the hands of an English army half a millennium earlier. Part of the problem is that as with many popular pieces on Scottish history, such as Braveheart, a factual recounting – if one could be determined in the first place – is sacrificed to good story-telling.
Dunsinane, written by David Grieg and playing in an excellent production at the Shakespeare Theatre Company’s Sidney Harmon Hall in Washington, DC, through April 23rd, brings a few elements of the story closer to what is known: Macbeth ruled for over 15 years and wasn’t widely considered a tyrant. The narrative largely picks up where Macbeth left off, chronicling England’s attempt to establish a friendly regime across its northern border and the subsequent insurgency and counter-insurgency campaigns. Grieg uses this context to explore military, political, and moral themes (more on those later) quite familiar to those who've lived through or in the shadows of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
But what does sea power have to do with a land war and occupation of physical territory? A monologue from a boy soldier opens the show:
[/ltr]
[size][ltr][ltr]"We boarded our ships at the Thames mouth.
There were two thousand of us and also
Some horses for the knights to ride and animals
For us to slaughter on the way.[/ltr]
[ltr][Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem]We stood on the Essex shore a mess of shingle,
Some of us new and eager for a fight and others
Not so sure but all of us both knowing and not knowing[/ltr]
[ltr]What lay ahead of us.[/ltr]
[ltr]Scotland.[/ltr]
[ltr]Scotland. Where we would install a king.[/ltr]
[ltr]…..[/ltr]
[ltr]Of the river Forth and we landed in a place called Fife –
Which is wild compared to Kent –
And there we camped in woods near the abbey of Inchocolm.[/ltr]
[ltr]And waited until at last he came to us – Siward
Our commander – and he told the sergeants it was time
To prepare us to fight.[/ltr]
Clearly sealift and local sea control can smooth the path for an initial military assault. The sea journey described above is just shy of 400 nm, and would have taken far less time than a northward march, thereby increasing the chance the expedition maintains some element of surprise. Whether the landing force is completely unexpected or merely arrives sooner after word reaches Macbeth and his advisors at Dunsinane, seat of his power, the force would have faced less entrenched and ready resistance. Additionally, had Macbeth received early warning, the mobility afforded by the sea would still have allowed the expedition some latitude in choosing where to disembark – a perennial complication for military planners facing an amphibious landing, from the American revolutionaries accounting for the movements of the British to Nazi Germany awaiting the Americans.
Invasion by sea would also have impacted the campaigns’ logistics. The initial requirements for foodstuffs and military supplies would have been greater than on a march, which could have offered a mix of[url=http://usna.edu/Users/history/abels/hh381/Medieval Logistics.htm] supplies provided by other vassals when available and foraging in their absence[/url]. But the fact that the force set off from Essex indicates many of the forces were raised by southern nobles, easing the burden on the expedition’s northern commander, Siward, Earl of Northumbria. A march through his lands, bordering Scotland, would also have risked engendering a hostile populace enroute that might have joined Macbeth’s cause.
As in a later invasion of Scotland during the (2nd) English Civil War, the sealift could have been retained for resupply over open sea lines of communication (SLOCs) to limit the need of the expedition to disperse and forage after landing. It is unclear inDunsinane whether the ships were kept at hand. But indications are that the English did not anticipate a long phase of contested nation-building to defend their installed king’s regime, and likely expected to rely on Siward’s neighboring realms as the situation changed. They may also have believed local sea control and predictable SLOCs would be challenged by other powers such Norway, which commanded more allegiance from some Scottish chiefs than the king at Dunsinane. This allegiance in turn was easier to command when, due to Scotland’s extensive coastlines, sea control could be no more than a localized or transitory thing, meaning other foreign powers could provide even overt support to prop up local proxies with little risk of interception.
Whether fleeting or near-absolute, a mastery of the waves confers both advantages and dangers. When it comes unchallenged at the start of a campaign it can breed an overconfidence that the rest of the endeavor will be as easy. Additionally, while command of the seas can be a great enabler in projecting power against an enemy state, it is of more limited use if a war transitions to a counter-insurgency phase where the nexus of success resides with the support of the people. This is not to say it’s of no use – the success of the U.S. counter-insurgency campaigns in the Philippine-American War were possible only through extensive naval activities – but unhindered SLOCs could only set the stage in cases such as Vietnam and Iraq, where what happened ashore was in many ways divorced from what happened at sea. It’s a lesson those eying an enemy (or wayward province) across the waters would do well to remember.
[Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem]
In Dunsinane, sea power is a minor character, and the end of major combat operations it supported does not mark the beginning of peace. That comes with acceptance of defeat by the enemy, which as Clausewitz notes cannot always be imposed through the mere “total occupation of his territory.” And, as the German states learned in the Franco-Prussian War, the destruction of a regime’s forces can create a power vacuum filled by those even more loathe to throw in the towel. In the face of a recalcitrant foe, an occupier that increases its stay tempts provoking the people and swelling the ranks of the enemy.
While Siward and the English may have factored in the risk of rising resentment in their decision to invade by sea, they seem to overlook that of outlasting their welcome. In lines that could have been taken from The Accidental Guerilla, a book by Gen. Petraeus’s senior counter-insurgency advisor, David Kilcullen, Siward’s subordinate Egham says:
[/ltr][/size]
[size][ltr][ltr]They’re not fighting us because of their Queen. They’re fighting us because we’re here. The Scots will fight anyone who’s standing in front of them. They like fighting. In fact – they’re fighting us partly because we’re stopping them from fighting each other.[/ltr]
[Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem]Successful insurgencies and counter-insurgencies make this fighting personal. The former try to provoke an emotional (over-) response from the latter, while the later try to win the hearts and minds (or at least acquiescence) of the people through a return to a semblance of normalcy. In the forthcoming novel Ghost Fleet, by Peter Singer and August Cole, which also draws inspiration from the recent decades of counter-insurgency, a colonel chides another commander for “taking the losses from the insurgency personally…missing [the] greater responsibilities.” The death of Siward’s son at the beginning of the play makes the campaign immediately personal for him. While he and Egham both try to protect their men from harm by seeking accommodation with their former enemy, once the blood of their comrades is spilled in the insurgency phase Siward quickly goes through the seven stages of grief to punitive violence.
I don’t have as much experience with counter-insurgency as others writing in this series do, so I can’t say with certainty how I would handle the personal nature of it. Twice – in 2009 and in 2015 – I was ordered to spend a year with the war in Afghanistan, but twice those orders were cancelled – after 1 week and 4 hours respectively (I learned after the first time to wait awhile before telling my wife, just to be sure). But I’ve been lucky. Sailors by the thousands have been called from Active Duty assignments and the Reserve to serve in the counter-insurgency campaigns in Iraq and Afghanistan, and some are still being sent to the latter to this day. This is to say nothing of the contributions of the U.S. Marine Corps. Sea control may not make much difference in the counter-insurgency campaigns of Dunsinane or Afghanistan, but at the individual level the line between sea power and land power, between sailor and soldier, has blurred.
[/ltr][/size]
[size][ltr]
Scott Cheney-Peters is a surface warfare officer in the U.S. Navy Reserve and the former editor of Surface Warfare magazine. He is the founder and president of the Center for International Maritime Security (CIMSEC), a graduate of Georgetown University and the U.S. Naval War College, and a member of the Truman National Security Project’s Defense Council.[/ltr][/size]
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| Biblioteca digital mundial [Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar esta imagem] Pesquisar 11.244 itens sobre 193 países entre 1200 a.C. e 2000 d.C.:://www.wdl.org/pt/ |
| Revistas electrónicas - Direito Penal Posted: 16 Feb 2015 05:31 PM PST Do site do Professor José Hurtado Pozo Links para revistas electrónicas Podem ser encontradas mais revistas electrónicas na lista do lado direito deste blog (Locus Delicti) |
| Legislação penal de inúmeros países Posted: 16 Feb 2015 05:25 PM PST Do site do Professor José Hurtado Pozo Legislação de vários países |
| Instituições de todo o mundo _ Direito Penal Posted: 16 Feb 2015 05:18 PM PST Do site do Professor Hurtado Pozo, uma lista de links para instituições ligadas ao Direito Penal em todo o mundo [Tens de ter uma conta e sessão iniciada para poderes visualizar este link] |
| Violência doméstica: Projecto de lei PSD/CDS Posted: 16 Feb 2015 11:40 AM PST PROJEcTO DE LEI N.o 769/XII REFORÇA A PROTEÇÃO DAS VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA, PROCEDENDO À TRIGÉSIMA QUINTA ALTERAÇÃO AO CÓDIGO PENAL, APROVADO PELO DECRETO-LEI N.o 400/82, DE 23 DE SETEMBRO, E À SEGUNDA ALTERAÇÃO À LEI N.º 112/2009, DE 16 DE SETEMBRO, QUE ESTABELECE O REGIME JURÍDICO APLÍCÁVEL À PREVENÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA, À PROTEÇÃO E À ASSISTÊNCIA DAS SUAS VÍTIMAS Exposição de motivos A violência doméstica é um flagelo persistente, que tem resistido ao longo dos anos a toda a intervenção realizada, provocando inúmeras vítimas, entre as quais vítimas mortais. Em 2013 registaram-se 40 homicídios conjugais, de acordo com o Relatório Anual de Segurança Interna desse ano, que pela primeira vez desagregou as vítimas por sexo, sendo 30 vítimas mulheres e 10 homens. O número de homicídios conjugais tem oscilado ao longo do tempo, tendo atingido o seu pico, no que diz respeito às vítimas mulheres e de acordo com os dados disponíveis relativos a esses anos, em 2008 com 40 mulheres mortas e em 2010 com 38. São sempre números dramáticos. O combate à violência doméstica, desde logo assumido como uma prioridade pelo atual Governo, começou há muito, exigindo uma atenção e esforço permanentes de alcance global, concretizados, designadamente, com as Jornadas Nacionais contra a Violência Doméstica e de Género que tiveram a sua terceira edição em 2014. Impõe-se, por isso, persistência no combate ao fenómeno e uma adaptação e atualização contínuas, para o que já em muito contribuíram as várias medidas tomadas por este executivo no âmbito da prevenção, proteção e autonomização das vítimas, designadamente o fundo de apoio à autonomização das mulheres que saem das casas abrigo, o sistema de transporte seguro das vítimas, a criação de uma rede de municípios solidários com as vítimas de violência doméstica, o atendimento prioritário nos centros de emprego e formação profissional das vítimas de violência doméstica, a criação de novas vagas para acolhimento de emergência de mulheres em risco e a atribuição de apoios financeiros às estruturas de atendimento às vítimas. Esta maioria tem também sinalizado a necessidade de reforçar a proteção das vítimas de violência doméstica, apresentando agora um conjunto de propostas que pretendem atingir esse desiderato. Tendo em conta que há uma elevada percentagem de processos por crime de violência doméstica que culminam com a suspensão da execução da pena de prisão aplicada – foi o que ocorreu no ano de 2013 em 89% das condenações pelo crime de violência doméstica -, propõe-se que o arguido esteja, durante o tempo de duração da suspensão, sob vigilância permanente dos serviços de reinserção social, cumprindo um plano de reinserção social, e que, durante esse tempo, a vítima beneficie de medidas de proteção. Nesse sentido, adita-se um novo n.o 4 ao artigo 152.o do Código Penal, prevendo-se que, no caso de suspensão da execução da pena de prisão aplicada por crime de violência doméstica, o tribunal ordene sempre um regime de prova, o qual deve incluir obrigatoriamente medidas de proteção da vítima (ex.: teleassistência) – e bem, assim, dos menores referidos no n.o 2 desse artigo, sejam ou não vítimas diretas. Não obstante o regime geral da suspensão com regime de prova estar previsto no artigo no preceito legal referente ao crime de violência doméstica por se tratar, nos termos propostos, de uma medida aplicável especificamente a este crime. Propomos ainda alterações à Lei da Violência Doméstica igualmente com vista ao reforço da proteção das vítimas deste crime. É assim criada, em primeiro lugar, um procedimento de especial celeridade para a receção, autuação e encaminhamento das denúncias de violência doméstica que implica a imediata avaliação de risco por parte da entidade que receber a queixa, e o seu encaminhamento para o Ministério Público - isto, quando a denúncia lhe não tenha sido apresentada diretamente. Com efeito, adita-se um novo n.o 3 ao artigo 29.o da Lei da Violência Doméstica, determinando que a denúncia seja de imediato elaborada pela entidade que a tiver recebido e que, quando feita a entidade diversa do Ministério Público, seja a este imediatamente transmitida, acompanhada de avaliação de risco da vítima. Pretende-se, desta forma, imprimir maior rapidez na comunicação da denúncia ao Ministério Público – recorde-se que, nos termos gerais, esta comunicação pode ir até ao limite de 10 dias (cfr. artigos 245o e 248o, n.o 1, do Código de Processo Penal) – para que este, assim que dela tome conhecimento, convoque a pessoa em relação à qual haja suspeita fundada da prática do crime de violência doméstica para, num curto prazo (no máximo de 48 horas), ser sujeita a interrogatório. Este novo procedimento permitirá uma mais rápida ponderação das medidas de coação a aplicar ao agressor e, sobretudo, determinará que, logo no início do processo, o Ministério Público adote medidas de proteção da vítima e dos menores e outros dependentes a seu cargo. Neste sentido, adita-se um novo artigo 29o-A à Lei da Violência Doméstica. Por último, para que no julgamento o tribunal possa estar munido da avaliação de risco atualizada da vítima, propõe-se que esta seja solicitada no despacho que designa dia para a audiência (previsto no artigo 313o do Código de Processo Penal), aditando-se, nesse sentido, um novo artigo 34.o-A à Lei da Violência Doméstica. Estamos convictos de que estas novas medidas constituirão um importante reforço na proteção das vítimas deste crime. Assim, nos termos constitucionais e regimentais aplicáveis, os Deputados do PSD e do CDS-PP, abaixo assinados, apresentam o seguinte projeto de lei: Artigo 1.o Alteração ao Código Penal O artigo 152o do Código Penal, aprovado pelo Decreto-Lei n.o 400/82, de 23 de setembro, e alterado pela Lei n.o 6/84, de 11 de maio, pelos Decretos-Leis n.os 101-A/88, de 26 de março, 132/93, de 23 de abril, e 48/95, de 15 de março, pelas Leis n.os 90/97, de 30 de julho, 65/98, de 2 de setembro, 7/2000, de 27 de maio, 77/2001, de 13 de julho, 97/2001, 98/2001, 99/2001 e 100/2001, de 25 de agosto, e 108/2001, de 28 de novembro, pelos Decretos-Leis n.os 323/2001, de 17 de dezembro, e 38/2003, de 8 de março, pelas Leis n.os 52/2003, de 22 de agosto, e 100/2003, de 15 de novembro, pelo Decreto-Lei n.o 53/2004, de 18 de março, e pelas Leis n.os 11/2004 de 27 de março, 31/2004, de 22 de julho, 5/2006, de 23 de fevereiro, 16/2007, de 17 de abril, 59/2007, de 4 de setembro, 61/2008, de 31 de outubro, 32/2010, de 2 de setembro, 40/2010, de 3 de setembro, 4/2011, de 16 de fevereiro, 56/2011, de 15 de novembro, 19/2013, de 21 de fevereiro, 60/2013, de 23 de agosto, pela Lei Orgânica n.o 2/2014, de 6 de agosto, e pelas Leis n.os 59/2014, de 26 de agosto, 69/2014, de 29 de agosto, e 82/2014, de 30 de dezembro, passa a ter a seguinte redação: «Artigo 152o [...] 1 – [...]. 2 – [...]. 3 – [...]. 4 – Nos casos previstos nos números anteriores, quando o Tribunal suspenda a execução da pena de prisão aplicada é sempre ordenado um regime de prova, o qual deve incluir obrigatoriamente medidas de proteção da vítima, exceto em caso de manifesta desnecessidade. 5 – O disposto no número anterior sobre as medidas de proteção é aplicável aos menores, nos casos previstos no n.o 2. 6 – Nos casos previstos nos n.os 1, 2 e 3, podem ser aplicadas ao arguido as penas acessórias de proibição de contacto com a vítima e de proibição de uso e porte de armas, pelo período de seis meses a cinco anos, e de obrigação de frequência de programas específicos de prevenção da violência doméstica. 7 – [Anterior n.o 5]. 8 – [Anterior n.o 6].» Artigo 2.o Alteração à Lei n.o 112/2009, de 23 de setembro O artigo 29o da Lei n.o 112/2009, de 23 de setembro, alterada pela Lei n.o 19/2013, de 21 de fevereiro, passa a ter a seguinte redação: «Artigo 29.º [...] 1 – [...]. 2 – [...]. 3 – A denúncia é de imediato elaborada pela entidade que a receber e, quando feita a entidade diversa do Ministério Público, é a este imediatamente transmitida, acompanhada de avaliação de risco da vítima efetuada pelos órgãos de polícia criminal. Artigo 3.o Aditamento à Lei n.o 112/2009, de 23 de setembro São aditados à Lei n.o 112/2009, de 23 de setembro, alterada pela Lei n.o 19/2013, de 21 de fevereiro, os artigos 29o-A e 34o-A, com a seguinte redação: «Artigo 29o-A Declarações do arguido 1 – Logo que o Ministério Público tenha conhecimento da denúncia, convoca de imediato a pessoa em relação à qual haja suspeita fundada da prática do crime, pela forma mais expedita, a fim de este lhe ser presente para interrogatório, no prazo máximo de 48h. 2 – Findo o interrogatório, o Ministério Público decide da adoção de medidas de proteção da vítima e de menores e outros dependentes a seu cargo, bem como da promoção da aplicação, nos termos gerais, de medidas de coação. Artigo 34o-A Avaliação de risco da vítima na fase de julgamento No despacho que designa dia para a audiência de julgamento, o tribunal deve solicitar avaliação de risco atualizada da vítima. Artigo 4.o Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor 30 dias após a sua publicação. Palácio de São Bento, ... de fevereiro de 2015 Os Deputados do PSD e do CDS-PP, |
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